Why are Silver Nanoparticles More Toxic Than Bulk Silver? Towards Understanding the Dissolution and Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles
نویسندگان
چکیده
The mass-transport to a spherical particle in solution is considered in the context of the mechanism of oxygen reduction on silver nanoparticles. For small particles (≤1 μm) the reduction follows a twoproton, two-electron pathway due to the rapid diffusion of the intermediate hydrogen peroxide away from the interface. Above this size threshold the hydrogen peroxide is further reduced to water. This switch of mechanism is of importance when interpreting the dissolution of silver nanoparticles in aqueous media and their inherent toxicity. The release of H2O2 from nanoparticles but not bulk silver may explain why silver nanoparticles are thought more toxic than their macroscopic counterparts.
منابع مشابه
Comparison of acute toxicity (LC50) of chemical and biosynthetic by Sargasum angustifolium nanosilvers in Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer)
This study was aimed to biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the seaweeds, Sargassum angustifolium and Comparison of acute toxicity (LC50) of commercial silver nanoparticles and biosynthetic nanoparticles performed by seaweed Sargasum angustifolium in Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) in 1397 in Ahvaz.After preparing extracts from Sargassum and biosynthesize the silver nanoparticles by ad...
متن کاملToxicity comparison of silver nanoparticles synthesized by physical and chemical methods to tadpole (Rana ridibunda)
One of the possible threats in increasing use of nanomaterials is the emergence of toxicity in humans and other animals which is discussed in nanotoxicology. In addition to toxic effects of nanomaterials themselves, different chemical precursors which are usually used in bottom-up approaches for production of nanomaterials may have secondary toxic effects in living organisms. In contrast, less ...
متن کاملToxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Aquatic Ecosystems: Salinity as the Main Cause in Reducing Toxicity
Background: In recent years, silver nanoparticles due to their antimicrobial properties, have formed about 56% of nanoparticles global production. Since the released nanoparticles ultimately enter water ecosystems, their maximum toxic effects are magnified in aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study is to show how salinity can decrease the toxic effects of silver nanoparticles on exposed rai...
متن کاملToxicity effect of three kinds of colliodal silver nanoparticles on barnacle larvae Amphibalanus Amphitrite
In this study, the toxicity of colloidal silver nanoparticles produced from three companies (US NANO, Pioneers, Nanonasb Pars) in the larvae of barnacles Amphibalanus amphitrite was evaluated using standard OECD. These crustaceans are important economically and ecologically. In this research, the LC50 within 24 hours for nauplius stages II, III, IV, V and VI examined against toxicity of the thr...
متن کاملBlood toxicity of silver nanoparticles in Pregnant Wistar Rats
Background: Investigation of toxicity of silver nanoparticle, especxially blood toxicity, is necessary because this nanoparticle is used a lot in diffrerent parts of life and invironment. The aime of this is evaluation the effects of silver nanoparticles with different concentrations on blood cells pregnant Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 30 pregnant rat wer...
متن کامل